merriam webster s collegiate dictionary eleventh edition download
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Laminated hardcover, plain-edged style the Merriam-Websters Collegiate Dictionary, Eleventh Edition is revised and updated, Americas best-selling dictionary. It features a lot more than 225, 000 clear and precise definitions. More than 42, 000 usage examples. Current copyright 2014.
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Websters New World College Dictionary, Fifth Edition
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Merriam-Webster Inc. acquired the rights to revise and publish Noah Websters dictionaries in 1843. Since then, Merriam-Webster has maintained a continuing commitment to innovation, scholarship, and love of language.
Today, this company continues as being the leader in language reference, publishing an assorted array of print and electronic products, for example the best-selling Merriam-Websters Collegiate Dictionary, Eleventh Edition. The company also publishes the whole line of student references, bilingual dictionaries, and titles for English Language Learning.
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Publisher: Merriam-Webster, Inc.; 11th edition July 30, 2003
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I recently purchased an I-pad hoping it would save me some dough on college textbooks. It was with great excitement that I downloaded the Merriam-Webster Collegiate Dictionary Kindle Edition. Not only maybe it was less expensive, it seemed ideal inside the sense that I could search it using keywords and never by flipping pages. I am taking an editing course and my initial assignment became me that I really should have purchased your text version, as being the vast majority from the words I researched, were nowhere found on this version. My instructors print version contained acronyms and also a variety of short that I simply couldn't find anywhere within the Kindle version. I felt such as an idiot. And these were precisely the first few words I was instructed to look up in the earliest paragraph. A quick online search brought these words up immediately inside the online MW free dictionary. But, I covered this dictionary as well as supposedly precisely the same version because print, yet its incomplete. Save your money and also the hassle of being forced to buy both versions what I appeared doing following your Kindle version neglected to bring any words that I necessary to look-up up and simply get it on the internet. The Kindle version will NOT have exactly the same entries, nor even entire dictionary including appendixes, keys, legends and reference material.
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This is often a fine dictionary. It even smells good. Too hefty to become portable, it can be nevertheless an excellent desk dictionary, you start with a seventeen-page explanatory chart and notes, an essay within the English language, along with a guide to pronunciation. The volume continues with excellent definitions which are sometimes coupled with bw line drawings, and finishes with sections on foreign words phrases, biographical names, geographical names, signs symbols in a number of fields of endeavor, punctuation, capitals italics, documenting sources, sorts of address with an index.
This may be the most comprehensive collegiate dictionary up to now, with numerous new entries since 1996s tenth edition, and it's well organized wih a pleasant clean font though it may be a tad troublesome if you're far-sighted. It always amazes me we can purchase much information so inexpensively. This is often a terrific resource - - it is a pointer to keep track of dictionary!!
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For several decades now, THE MERRIAM-WEBSTERS COLLEGIATE DICTIONARY has served as being the standard American English dictionary. I have done a lot of copyediting in the past, each publisher I have dealt with has specified this dictionary combined with Websters Unabridged because standard governoring the way in which American English words are spells and defined. Although anybody can feel overwhelmed by the sheer number of dictionaries inside reference portion of any good bookstore, this volume is really as close to authoritative when we have inside the United States. One probably have a preference for one more, but this could be the only one that enjoys widespread authoritative acceptance.
The dust jacket explains the ways the new 11th edition may be expanded, but personally, while I am quite certain it has been expanded, I have not noticed a lot of difference on the 10th edition. It may be definitive and improved, but most with the improvements will probably be difficult for you to definitely detect. The new CD-ROM offered with it, however, is really a vast improvement within the previous software which was developed based within the 10th edition. When the 10th edition first arrived on the scene, CD software has not been widely available. A CD version from the dictionary did eventually emerge, however it was somewhat rudimentary. The new CD-ROM, however, is really a huge improvement. For instance, acquire the best up any word, a column will display many words that approximate the phrase that your are attempting to search for. If you are able to merely approximate the spelling, you are able to frequently find the proper word. Furthermore, by double hitting any word from the online dictionary, you might pull up your chance for that word. The CD-ROM also has a hyperlink to the Internet.
Lets face the facts. Buying dictionaries for many is about as exciting as having ones oil changed. But like oil changes, dictionaries are crucial. For the future, this place is going to remain the definitive American English dictionary.
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Unlike prescriptive dictionaries such because the American Heritage Dictionary, which count on self-appointed panels of experts to determine what correct usage really should be, descriptive dictionaries similar to this and Merriam-Websters Third International try to help keep pace with that this language will be used by speakers. This may explain why the Websters Collegiate dictionaries have already been the standard reference inside American publishing niche for a long time.
This is definitely the best dictionary of that class, period. It has an extraordinarily many entries and its particular definitions are concise and simple to understand. The only shortcoming is the fact there are few example sentences, but this is often a necessary tradeoff and keep the size in check. For sheer richness of knowledge it doesnt can compare to the New Shorter OED, as an example, although you cant chuck the ball NSOED into the backpack and go to school along. This book is light and compact.
But the matter that really sets this dictionary apart could be the CD-ROM. You can search for words burning up to 15 different operations, including rhymes with, is really a cryptogram of, homophones are, etymology includes, etc. You can use AND and OR operators to blend the various operations. These search functions really are a tremendous asset to anybody who works together with words, particularly writers, poets, and songwriters.
And did I mention that you receive a free one-year subscription with their online dictionary using your purchase?
This package is really a tremendous value and really belongs in most home and office. And I probably have that Websters 11 continue to be the gold standard inside publishing sell for the future. I - -This text means an edition which conatins a CD-ROM. Not all editions in this item possess a CD. Please check that desription for more information.-/I
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The problem that individuals had on this dictionary could be the fact it skips from page 216 to 281. Plus the idea that I can not send it back because I am out in the return window. Read more
Published few days ago by Stanley E. Wiggins Sr.
Frankly, I like my vest-pocket rhyming dictionary 79 cents in 1972 almost too, but it is many more rhymes once you understand how to find them in Read more
Published 23 days ago by P. Weiser
This kindle version is vastly better than the Oxford version. More complete definitely and straightforward also.
Great dictionary. Very easy to use
I was expecting a I received was hard back copy in pristine condition!
Gift for my mom. She uses it to help you with her crossword puzzles.
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Merriam-Webster s Collegiate Dictionary, 11th Edition - PDF Free Download - Fox eBook
This version of Merriam-Webster s Collegiate Dictionary, Eleventh Edition, is burgundy leather-look, and thumb-notched. For this new edition, America
Word. Def. Name of Dictionary and Edition. Year. Format
Tertiary. Def. 2. Merriam-Websters Collegiate Dictionary, Eleventh Edition. 2008. Print
Word Citing. Def. Name of Dictionary and Edition. City Published In: Publisher. Year
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Application. Def. 2b. Merriam-Websters Online Dictionary. Edinburgh, Scotland: Encyclopedia
Britannica. 2011. Web. 30 July, 2013
Technology And Nursing: Past, Present and Future Perspectives
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Adjunct Masters Nursing Instructor since Fall 2011
Aneela Asif, Charge Nurse RN at Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences
1870: coincided with first formally trained nurses 1816: first stethoscope invented. Doctors exclusively use 1853: first prototype of blood pressure level monitor invented. Doctors don't use anything but Webster apos;s Revised Unabridged Dictionary 1913: Scarify Scar amp;quot;ify, v. t. imp. amp; p. p. Scarified ; p. pr. amp; vb. n. Scarifying. F. scarifier, L. scarificare, scarifare, fr. Gr.? to scratch up, fr.? a pointed instrument. 1. To scratch or cut your skin layer of; esp. Med., to create small incisions in, by means of an lancet or scarificator, in an attempt to draw blood in the smaller vessels without opening a considerable vein.
1930s: nurses started administering IM injections under MDs orders Patent Office will not indicate sort of inventor, just gender
Have class take a look at article with instances of nursing inventions. Discuss
Everett M. Rogers March 6, 1931 - October 21, 2004, sociologist, communications scholar, pioneer of diffusion of innovations theory, writer, and teacher
This is my technology during my work setting. This request of knowledge acquired by completion with this questionnaire can enable me to gauge the patients depression status and help the patient through advanced level psychosocial counseling and coping ways to get better
Discuss how Health Risk Assessment is employed to predict usage of future healthcare needs.
Have class find about eMAR then do Learning Activity. Discuss
2. ul li THE LEARNER WILL. /li /ul ul li Gain a historical perspective on noted technologies by nurses from 1850 presenting /li /ul ul li Consider how modern technologies have enhanced care delivery /li /ul ul li Reflect within the pros and cons of technology in nursing, the ethical implications and technological needs voiced by nurses /li /ul ul li Gain a greater idea of whos pushing for technology in nursing and what is Nursing Informatics /li /ul ul li Consider future technological trends in nursing /li /ul
4. According to Merriman-Websters Dictionary 2009: medical technology b: a capability provided by the program of knowledge - What does technology mean for you in your work setting?
6. ul li Nursing from 1850 to 1900 focused on providing desire to physical needs of patient and a hygienic environment /li /ul ul li Some nursing inventions and innovations during this period: /li /ul ul li bedpans, bandages; surgical splints, nursing bottle; hospital bed prototype; foot cradles; abdominal, uterine and breast supports; invalid chair; portable tub wheeled to bedside; syringe; safety pin; diapers; improvements to stethoscope invented in 1816 by ; medicine spoon and vial holder, etc. /li /ul ul li Proliferation of hospitals began around 1870 which coincided with /li /ul ul li first formally trained nurses /li /ul
7. ul li Nursing the device according to Sandelowski 1997 was crowned the emphasis of nursing care since WWII /li /ul ul li In the 1950s to 1960s, technological advancements involving new medicines particularly antibiotics, IV therapy, and administration of blood products became available /li /ul ul li From 1965 to 1980, machines of all from dialysis to cardiac monitors to fetal monitors and automatic recording devices; /li /ul ul li Hospice created 1967 /li /ul ul li From 1980s to give, technological advancements include: computers in healthcare, safer medication administration and patient safety monitoring devices; EMRs/EHRs; wireless charting devices; robotic assistants; clinical decision-making tools and telehealth services /li /ul
8. More inventions and innovations by nurses 1990s presenting: 1990s: Burns Wean Assessment Protocol/Program BWAP to wean patients off ventilators; Perioperative nurse invents Omni-Jug for drainage of arthroscopic fluid, the Puddle Guppy that aspirates fluid from hospital floors along with the Aqua-Box that disinfects fluid waste previous to sewage disposal; blood draw protector called Med Search Hand Guard or hemoshield; Bath-Bag; Bili-Bonnet 2000s: eMAR medication bar coding; Cardibra for female post-op cardiac patients;
9. ul li Wireless devices: PDAs, Hand-held Computers, Smart phones /li /ul ul li Real-time equipment and supplies location systems /li /ul ul li Delivery robots for interdepartmental services, like meal delivery, hospital lab deliveries, laundry services /li /ul ul li Workflow management systems for example automated census boards /li /ul
10. ul li Wireless patient monitoring systems for prevention of falls /li /ul ul li Electronic medication administration with bar coding /li /ul ul li Electronic clinical documentation with clinical decision support capability /li /ul ul li Interactive patient systems: an electronic platform for two-way communication and delivery of multimedia content with the bedside to help with rendering care and educating patients /li /ul
13. ul li According to Dr. Carol Bickford on the ANA 2005, nurses want tools which help with patient-centered care including: /li /ul ul ul li Stronger collaboration between manufacturers and nurses when coming up with tools for care delivery /li /ul /ul ul ul li Better software integration;, biometric fingerprinting/eye-scanning of nursing personnel, to avoid wasting time and numerous log-ons/log-offs /li /ul /ul ul ul li Charting devices that provide the telling of each one patients story of care rather then individual system updates;, a full person view /li /ul /ul ul ul li Continued increased exposure of self-directed learning through Web-based training programs /li /ul /ul ul ul li The Best of Information Technology IT: intuitive interfaces, wireless connectivity, seamless integration of software applications along with the ability to access data when and where it can be needed /li /ul /ul
15. ul li Potential breaches in confidentiality via phone, fax and emails /li /ul ul li - HIPAA violations may be up to 6 digit dollar amounts /li /ul ul li according to severity of violation /li /ul ul li Tele-health nursing: duty of looking after and patient abandonment /li /ul ul li - occurs when you start a professional relationship with all the /li /ul ul li patient /li /ul ul li Patient education materials from credible websites;, MedlinePlus; /li /ul ul li WebMD; MayoClinic, etc. /li /ul ul li The nurse must uphold the entire well-being on the patient and advocate /li /ul ul li for that patient, not the technology Drought Liaschenko, 1995 /li /ul
16. ul li The American Association of Colleges of Nursing 2002 recommended incorporation of technology into nursing education /li /ul ul li The Institute of Medicine 2003 named five core competencies essential to health professionals, info is Informatics competency /li /ul ul li The Australian Nursing Federation 2005 recommended Information Technology and Information Management Systems be included in all lifelong learning opportunities for nurses /li /ul
17. Its using data to produce information to produce decisions when providing patient care - Professor Maria Pietrantuono University of Hartford 2009
18. ul li Innovators: venturesome, desperate to try new stuff /li /ul ul li Early Adopters: role models of their departments; /li /ul ul li most of the first to buy-in to new technology; end up being the /li /ul ul li Subject Matter Experts for their units /li /ul ul li Early Majority: adopt new ideas before the masses /li /ul ul li Late Majority: skeptics; require intense communication /li /ul ul li to find out new technologies /li /ul ul li Laggards: previous to change; distrust change /li /ul
19. HOW I USE INFORMATICS IN MY JOB: HIGH MEMBERSHIP PROVIDER LIST Provider ID PPO HMO TOTAL Provider Region Specialty State Zip code 77623XXXX 112 0 112 Jabe, MD SW FP TX 12345 22930XXXX 339 64 403 Dan, MD SW FP TX 12345 22924XXXX 159 19 178 Maureen, MD SW FP TX 12345 43663XXXX 106 0 106 Mark, MD SW IM TX 12345 31786XXXX 33 3 36 Fort, MD SW FP TX 12345 33245XXXX 69 1 70 Fran, MD SW FP TX 12345 72500XXXX 39 0 39 Kyle, MD SW IM TX 12345 21720XXXX 252 93 345 Joe, MD SW FP TX 12345
20. PATIENT HEALTH QUESTIONNAIRE-9 PHQ-9 - Medical questionnaire composed of 9 questions that address various symptoms associated with Depression per the DSM-IV-TR - Patients reply to each question for you is scored from 0 lack of symptom to three prevalence of symptom. Total scores per rating are tallied for Total PHQ9 score - Scoring grid on form indicating absence to harshness of Depression - Medical provider has choice of referring patient into telephonic case management for medication/treatment plan compliance - Status reports faxed to provider after each connection with patient
21. ALCOHOL/DRUG ABUSE SCREENING PROGRAM
22. FORECASTED SEVERITY 8.542 October 2009 8.130 September 2009 8.175 August 2009 ul li HEALTH PROFILE CONDITIONS /li /ul ul li Depression 45% Benefit Usage /li /ul ul li Migraines 43% Benefit Usage /li /ul ul li Gastritis 12% Benefit Usage /li /ul PHARMACY PROFILE Celexa 20mgs qd Last filled October 20, 2009 Replax 40mgs qd Last filled October 20, 2009 Nexium 1 tab qd Last filled October 20, 2009 LAB PROFILE Service Start Date: October 20, 2009 Laboratory Test: Hgb/Hct Laboratory Results: 14.8/38.6 Laboratory Abnormal Results: N/A HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT
24. Sources: NIDA and NIAAA 1998; Journal of Clinical Psychology 1993;5411 pp. 405-426
26. ul li Nursing inventions and innovations in context to timeframe /li /ul ul li Technology in nursing today dedicated to improving patient safety /li /ul ul li and care delivery outcomes /li /ul ul li Nurses want the top technology that produces sense on their behalf and is /li /ul ul li designed for their specific care needs /li /ul ul li Technology in nursing has pros/cons and ethical implications /li /ul ul li Nursing Informatics gathering and translating data into improving /li /ul ul li patient care /li /ul ul li Future technology in nursing can become more computer-based and /li /ul ul li automated /li /ul
28. Barnard, A. Locsin, R. 2007. Technology and nursing: Practice, concepts and issues. In A. Barnard and R. LocsinEds. Houndmills, Basingstocke, Hampshire, United Kingdom: Palgrave Macmillan. Drought, Liaschenko, J. 1995. Ethical practice in the technological age. Critical Care Nursing Clinics of North America, 7 2, 297-304. Hiestand, W. 2000. Think different: Inventions and innovations by nurses, 1850-1950. The American Journal of Nursing, Vol. 100, No. 10, 100 th Anniversary IssueOct 2000, pp.72-77. Medical technology 2009. In P. B. Gove Woolf Eds., Merriam-Webster s Collegiate Dictionary, Eleventh Edition. Springfield, MA. Retrieved from Internet November 12, 2009. Sandelowski, M. 1997. Making the most effective of things: Technology in American nursing, 1870-1940. Nursing History Review 5 1997, pp. 3-22. YouTube video 2008, June 5. Did you know? Video file. Retrieved from /watch?vKRFRrJlicgE. YouTube video 2008, March 10. Microsofts future vision: Healthcare. Video file. Retrieved from /watch?vV35Kv6-ZNGA featurePlayList p13AD60E168A30822 playnext1 playnextfromPL index7. Dept of Commerce Patent and Trademark office 1999. Buttons to biotech: 1996 update report with supplemental data from 1998, patenting by women, 1976 to 1996. Feb 1999.
Nursing informatics theories, models, and frameworks
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Google Translate цбх ЧсвЧб тЯбЪхцЯ С€ ШгЧб YС… РЬх ЬчЪ ЪбЬхч фкЪ хЪшц С€ есРЧЪ шШ РЁС‡ вШЧц чЧ хЮЪфс ЧвЬхфч сЧбг С… ШЧдЯ. Чц ШбцЧхч РЁР§ ЯЧдЪц РЬх ШгЧб YС… С€ С…РР· гЧЯч Чв чб С„РЧи хцЧгШ YгЧц С… ШЧдЯ YС‡ ЧзфЧй 6цЯЧц Чв вШЧц чЧ хЮЪфс цЯЧбцЯ С€ бшвЧцч С…РЇРЄ вхЧц ШгЧб вЧЯ Р±Р§ ебс хдЧчЯч шШ гЧЪ чЧ ЮЧбЬ С… YццЯ YС‡ РЁР§ Y С…Y Чц цбх ЧсвЧб ЪхЧх РўС† чЧ Р±Р§ С… ЪшЧццЯ РЁС‡ вШЧц сЧбг хдЧчЯч YццЯ.
Чб РЁС‡ ЯцШЧф РЇYдцб YЧхф С€ ЮшШ С… Р±РЇРЇ Чц РЇYдцб С… ЪшЧцЯ РЁС‡ Р±Р§РРЄ цЧв РґС…Р§ Р±Р§ РЁР±Р·Р±СЃ YцЯ. Чц ШбцЧхч ЯЧбЧ С…РР· YЧбШб сшт ЧфйЧЯч РґYС„ С€ гЧЯч Р§ хШЧдЯ YС‡ циб РўС† Р±Р§ РЇР± С‡6 РЇYдцб хдЧчЯч С†YР±РЇС‡ ЧЯ. Чц ШбцЧхч дЧхф ЯшЧвЯч YЪЧШ РЁР±РЄР± Чцфг РЁС‡ чхбЧч ЪбЬхч сЧбг С€ Ъфси YЧхф YфхЧЪ хШЧдЯ. Чв Ьхфч С€H чЧ Чц ШбцЧхч С… ЪшЧц РЁС‡ тЧШфЪ дцЧшб YР±РЇС† ШбцЧхч РЁР§ РЄYЧц ЯЧЯц шд ЧдЧбч YР±РЇ. РЇР± Чц РЇYдцб YЧхф С€ YЧбШбЯ ЪхЧх фкЧЪ YЪЧШ РЇР±Рі чхбЧч РЁР§ ЪбЬхч С€ Ъфси Ятт РЇР± РўС† цЬЧцЯч РґРЇС‡ ЧгЪ. стз YЧсгЪ Чц ШбцЧхч Р±Р§ ЯЧцфшЯ YР±РЇС‡ С€ РЁР±Р±С€ шд ЮшЯ цеШ YцЯ С€ Чв Р§ С…Y ЧцЧЪ вЧЯ С€ YЧбШбЯ РўС† ЧгЪсЧЯч YцЯ.
Чб РЁС‡ ЯцШЧф Y РЇYдцб.РґР±СЃРЄС‡ С€ РР±СЃС‡ Р§ РЇР± Р№С† РЧф YЧхф С… ШЧдЯ Чц РЇYдцб РР±СЃС‡ Р§ РЁС‡ РґС…Р§ Ъшеч С… дшЯ. РЁР§ Y С…Y Чц РЇYдцб С… ЪшЧцЯ РЁС‡ Р±Р§РРЄ хчЧбЪ ЮшЯ Р±Р§ РЇР± вШЧц Чцфг ЧсвЧд ЯчЯ. чхЧц зшб YС‡ С… ЯЧцЯ шЧHС‡ цЧхч РўYгсшбЯ Y Чв ШчЪбц шЧHС‡ цЧхч чЧ вШЧц Чцфг хшЬшЯ РЇР± гбЧгб ЬчЧц ЧгЪ. Чв тЧШфЪ Чеф Чц РЇYдцб С… ЪшЧц РЁС‡ ЧхYЧц Ъфси YфхЧЪ РЁС‡ вШЧц чЧ Чцфг С€ РўС…Р±YР§ ЧдЧбч YР±РЇ. чх6цц хшЪшб ЬгЪЬш хшЬшЯ РЇР± Чц РЇYдцб ШгЧб РіР±Р№ ШшЯч С€ РЇР± РіР±Р№ РЄР±С† вхЧц С…С…YС† Yфхч хшбЯ циб Р±Р§ РЁР±Р§ РґС…Р§ ЬгЪЬш С… YцЯ.
РЁР§ ЧгЪсЧЯч Чв Чц ШбцЧхч С… ЪшЧцЯ РЁРІР±РЄР±С† хцШй YфхЧЪ С€ ЧезфЧРЧЪ Чцфг Р±Р§ РЇР± ЯгЪЧч ЮшЯ ЯдЧЪч ШЧдЯ. Чц РЇYдцб Y Чв бЧц тхЪ РЄР±С† С€.Р±YЧбШбЯЪбц С€ РЁР±РЄР±С† РЇYдцб чЧ Чцфг РЁС‡ Чцфг РіРіРЄС… йЧхф iOS ЧгЪ YС‡ дЧхф РЁРґ Чв чвЧб Yфхч ЧгЪ.
РЁР§ ЧгЪсЧЯч Чв Чц ШбцЧхч С… ЪшЧцЯ РРЄ ЧезфЧРЧЪ Р±Р§ ЪбЬхч YцЯ.
Y РЇР± Чв РЇYдцб- чЧ хйбшс ЯцЧ РЁР±Р§ хшШЧф Merriam Webster С… ШЧдЯ YС‡ РЁС‡ йцшЧц Y Чв С…СЃРЇРЄР±С† РЇYдцб чЧ РўС…Р±YР§ РЁС‡ РгЧШ С…-РўРЇ YС‡ чхЧццЯ чх Р±РЇС‡ чЧ ЮшЯ дЧхф хЪбЧЯс С€ хЪжЧЯ хЫЧф чЧ хЮЪфс тЧШфЪ ЬгЪЬш Чв Р·Р±С‚ еЯЧ С…-ШЧдЯ.Чв РЇРІ С€H чЧ Чц РЇYдцб ЪшжРчб фкЪ РЁС‡ вШЧц Чцфг Р°YР± 6цЯц synonym РЁР±Р§ чб фкЪ Р°YР± 6цЯ antonym РЇР± ешбЪ шЬшЯ 6цЯц хЫЧф Чв ЧгЪсЧЯч фкЪ РЇР± Ьхфч чЧ Р§ С…Y Чц Ъфси фкЧЪ цЧв РЁС‡ ЧцЪбцЪ ЧхYЧц ЬгЪЬш фкЧЪ РЁР§ Ъфси ТцчЧ ШЬЧ РЄР§. цЧв РЁС‡ ЧцЪбцЪ С… ШЧдЯ.
Merriam-Websters Collegiate Dictionary, Eleventh Edition Y хбЬй вШЧц YЧхф С€ ЧефЧРдЯч С… ШЧдЯ YС‡ РЇР± чцЧх ЧгЪсЧЯч РґС…Р§ Чв фкЧЪ РЇР± Чхшб хЧццЯ цшдЪц Чхф збЧРесРЧЪ РіРЄР±РЇС‡ ТхЧЯч гЧв ЧбЧЦч чЧ РЁР±Р±Рі Рі РЇ С€ Р§ РґРЄ С€ аЧб РЇР± шШ ЧзфЧйЧЪ Ятт С€ РЁС‡ бшв Р±Р§ ЯбШЧбч шЧHС‡ хшбЯ циб РЁР±Р§ РґС…Р§ сбЧчх ЮшЧчЯ цхшЯ.
Чц ЯYдцб ТЮбц ш ЬЯЯЪбц фкЧЪ ш хйЧц Тц чЧ бЧ Яб вхцч чЧ хЮЪфс хЧццЯ йфх сбчц йхшх ЪYцшфшH ЧфYЪбшцY Яб ЧЮЪЧб дхЧ тбЧб х ЯчЯ.
РўYгсшбЯ Y Чв хйбшсЪбц С€ ШчЪбц РЇYдцб чЧ Чцфг РЁС‡ Чцфг С… ШЧдЯ. Чц сбчц фкЪ Y Чв хцЧШй С…Р№РЄРЁР± С€ РЁС‡ бшв РЄРттЧЪ вШЧц Чцфг С… ШЧдЯ С€ РЧш хфшц чЧ фкЪ РЇР± чхч вхцч чЧ Чв Ьхфч: цЧх чЧ ЪЬЧб, YдшбчЧ, йцЧеб РґС…Р§ С… ШЧдЯ. цбх ЧсвЧб ЧЯч РўС„ РЁР±Р§ ЯЧцдЬшЧц С€ YгЧц YС‡ цЧв РЁС‡ Y сбчц фкЪ ЬЧхй С€ С…Р№РЄРЁР± вШЧц Чцфг ЯЧбцЯ.
Cambridge Advanced Learners цбх ЧсвЧб хдчшб РЇСЉYдцбъ хшШЧъф С…СЉ ШЧдЯ YС‡ РЇР± РўС† РЁСЉРґ Чв 170, 000 Yфхч фкЪ хйцъ хЫЧф Ьхфч цЬЧцЯч РґРЇС‡ ЧгЪ. Чъц ШбцЧхч йфЧшч РЁР± ЧъцYС‡ СЉY РЇСЉYдцбъ С…СЉ ШЧдЯ СЉY цбх ЧсвЧб Тхшвд вШЧц Чцфъгъ цъв С…РгшШ С…СЉР±РЇРЇ 6Р±Р§ YС‡ Р§YЫб С…РешфЧЪ Cambridge ЯЧбЧъ 6цъц шъHСЉ чгЪцЯ. РґС…Р§ хъЪшЧцъЯ РЇР± хъЧц фкЧЪ Чъц РЇСЉYдцбъ РЁС‡ ЬгЪЬш РЁ.бЯЧвъЯ С€ хйцъ фкЪ СЉР§ С…РЄС† хшбЯ цибЪЧц Р±Р§ ШъЧъЯ. чх6цъц Чъц ШбцЧхч ЯЧбЧъ тЧШфъЪ Ъфси РµРъРфкЧЪ С€ YфхЧЪ С…СЉ ШЧдЯ YС‡ РґС…Р§ РЁР§ ЧгЪсЧЯч Чв Чъц тЧШфъЪ С…СЉ ЪшЧцъЯ РЁС‡ ШчЪб РґРЇС† фчЬч ЮшЯ Y С…Y YцъЯ С€ РЁР§ Ъфси РµРъРфкЪ хшбЯ цибЪЧц ТдцЧ дшъЯ.
CDic РЇYдцб ШгЧб тЯбЪхцЯ С€ YЧхф ЧгЪ YС‡ чх РЁС‡ ешбЪ ТсфЧц С€ чх РЁС‡ ешбЪ ТцфЧц тЧШф ЧгЪсЧЯч ЧгЪ. Чц РЇYдцб дЧхф фкЧЪ Чцфг - сЧбг сбЧцгш - сЧбг Чг.ЧцЧ - сЧбг ЧЪЧфЧ - сЧбг ТфхЧц - сЧбг бшг - сЧбг С€ РЁС„ Р№YРі ЧгЪ. чх6цц ЪхЧх РЇYдцб чЧ РЧш С†YЧЪ бЧхб С€ Ъфси чгЪцЯ чх РЁС‡ ешбЪ ТсфЧц С€ чх РЁС‡ ешбЪ ТцфЧц. РЇYдцб Чцфг сЧбг дЧхф фкЧЪ ЪЮее РЁРґ Чв Р±РґРЄС‡ С€ чх6цц хЫЧф С… ШЧдЯ. хЫЧф чЧ чх ЯЧбЧ Ъфси С… ШЧдцЯ.
ШбЧ ЧдЪбЧY Яб ЮШб цЧхч Чхф ЮшЯ бЧ Яб ЬйШч вб шЧбЯ YцЯ. ШйЯ Чв ЧдЪбЧY ТЮбц хзЧфШ гЧЪ Чв збт Чхф ШбЧ дхЧ ЧбгЧф ЮшЧчЯ дЯ.
2004-2015 Ртшт хзЧфШ ЪеЧшб С€ збРтЧфШ РЁР±Р§ гЧЪ p30download С…Рсши ЧгЪ.
2015 merriam webster s collegiate dictionary eleventh edition download