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Suggested Citation: Front Matter. National Research Council. High School Mathematics at Work: Essays and Examples for your Education of All Students. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1998. doi:10.17226/5777
Suggested Citation: Front Matter. National Research Council. High School Mathematics at Work: Essays and Examples for your Education of All Students. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1998. doi:10.17226/5777
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NOTICE: The project which is the subject in this report was authorized by the Governing Board in the National Research Council, whose members are utilized by the councils in the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, as well as the Institute of Medicine. The members from the committee responsible to the report were chosen with regards to special competences along with regard for appropriate balance.
The National Research Council NRC would be the operating arm from the National Academies Complex, such as the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, along with the Institute of Medicine. The National Research Council was organized in 1916 through the National Academy of Sciences to associate the broad community of technology and science with the Academys reason for furthering knowledge and providing impartial advice to your federal government. Functioning relative to general policies determined with the Academy, the Council is the principal operating agency of both National Academy of Sciences and also the National Academy of Engineering in providing services towards the government, the general public, plus the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies along with the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Bruce Alberts, President in the National Academy of Sciences, and Dr. William Wulf, President in the National Academy of Engineering, also perform the duties of chairman and vice chairman, respectively, on the National Research Council.
The Center for Science, Mathematics, and Engineering Education CSMEE was established in 1995 to produce coordination with all the different National Research Councils education activities and reform efforts for individuals at all levels, specifically those who are in kindergarten through twelfth grade, undergraduate institutions, school-to-work programs, and continuing education. The Center reports directly to your Governing Board with the National Research Council.
The Mathematical Sciences Education Board was established in 1985 to deliver a continuing national capacity to assess the status superiority education inside the mathematical sciences and is particularly concerned with excellence in education for many students in any way levels. The Board reports directly to your Governing Board with the National Research Council.
Development, publication, and dissemination on this report were backed up by a grant from your Pew Charitable Trusts. Any opinions, findings, or recommendations expressed on this report are those with the authors , nor necessarily reflect the views in the Pew Charitable Trusts.
High school mathematics in the office: essays and examples with the education of the studentsMathematical Sciences Education Board.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
1. Mathematics Study and teaching Secondary United States. I. National Research Council. Mathematical Sciences Education Board.
Permission for limited reproduction of portions in this book for education purposes and not for sale could be granted on receipt of an written request on the National Academy Press, 2101 Constitution Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20418.
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Copyright 1998 through the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Suggested Citation: Front Matter. National Research Council. High School Mathematics at Work: Essays and Examples for your Education of All Students. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1998. doi:10.17226/5777
St. Paul Academy and Summit School
University of Wisconsin, Madison
Enterprise School District, Redding, CA
Yakima School District, Yakima, WA
Leander High School, Leander, TX
University of Wisconsin, Madison
J. Sargeant Reynolds Community College
Suggested Citation: Front Matter. National Research Council. High School Mathematics at Work: Essays and Examples with the Education of All Students. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1998. doi:10.17226/5777
Leander High School, Leander, TX
The Langley School, McLean, VA
University of California, Berkeley
Suggested Citation: Front Matter. National Research Council. High School Mathematics at Work: Essays and Examples for that Education of All Students. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1998. doi:10.17226/5777
This report is reviewed by individuals chosen with regards to diverse perspectives and technical expertise, according to procedures authorized by the NRCs Report Review Committee. The purpose on this independent review is to deliver candid and critical comments which will help the authors and also the NRC making the published report as sound as it can be and to make sure the report meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness towards the study charge. The content on the review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to guard the integrity from the deliberative process. We wish by way of thanking the following individuals for participation inside the review with this report:
President and CEO, NACME, Inc., New York, NY
Science Coordinator, Bedford Public Schools, Bedford, NY
Superintendent, Escondido Union High School District, Escondido, CA
State Mathematics Specialist, Maryland State Department of Education
Professor of Mathematics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
Chairman, MIT Council on Primary and Secondary Education, Professor of Material Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
Mathematics Teacher, Lincoln Park High School, Chicago, IL
Professor of Mathematics, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA
Professor of Education, Harvard University, and Emeritus Professor, Engineering Science Education, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
While people listed above have provided many constructive comments and suggestions, responsibility for your final content in this report rests solely together with the authoring committee and also the NRC.
Suggested Citation: Front Matter. National Research Council. High School Mathematics at Work: Essays and Examples with the Education of All Students. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1998. doi:10.17226/5777
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Suggested Citation: Front Matter. National Research Council. High School Mathematics at Work: Essays and Examples to the Education of All Students. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1998. doi:10.17226/5777
Now as part of your, our daily lives are directly troubled by mathematics. Im not just referring to the grades students get or the number of mathematics classes weather resistant take. Im referring to answering the device, faxing a document, or the worry. Im speaking about buying medicine for the family, creating a house, and enjoying music. Mathematics also has helped bring us things which indirectly affect us, just like the discoveries of DNA, weather patterns, and the way to use light to be a surgical tool. It has helped us walk within the moon, create microchips, and transmit images across 1000s of miles. With mathematics, we design models to evaluate our ideas and refine them, from nerve impulses to human behavior, volcanoes to food. Mathematics is everywhere. But mathematics is definitely around, along with the concepts it uses have always helped us.
So how come mathematics much more now important to us now of computer was then? Years ago, inside eras on the abacus or slide rule, information took considerably longer to find out, however it is easy to chart a program, assay a risk, or compare statistics. Information is more abundant than ever before. You can find answers about from world politics to varsity lunches almost as soon when you think in the questions.
Suggested Citation: Front Matter. National Research Council. High School Mathematics at Work: Essays and Examples to the Education of All Students. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1998. doi:10.17226/5777
things like better medical information, better building materials, and much more diverse options running a business and education. The problem with this to all on this is that just as easily as there could be information, there could be misuse of info.
So precisely what does this mean for your children? More previously, carried out mathematically savvy. Learning to think and reason mathematically may be the only way our children may be sure actually in control, not being controlled.
More practically, just about every job nowadays requires no less than some elementary comprehension of mathematics. In fact, many with the jobs that keep our country competitive and successful inside global market are jobs which require more than basic mathematics comprehension. Not that young people need to be able to program your personal computer or predict stock market trading, but while using vastly increased speed of statistical calculation and manipulation and simpler and faster global communication, our need to know that of a number means, where it got their start in, and just how best to judge its veracity.
As the Governor of Georgia, I take all in this pretty seriously. I know the value of bringing businesses to my state to generate jobs for Georgians. The world, however, will be the marketplace; to become healthy, competitive, and economically secure, our citizens should be aware of mathematics. They need to become comfortable together with the notion of mathematics like a tool forever.
was elected Governor with the state of Georgia in 1990. Since taking office, the romance of teaching and persistence for education has led to one on the most ambitious agendas to enhance public education in this particular century. Governor Millers public career includes service at practically every level of government: as mayor, to be a member with the state senate, as lieutenant governor, and from now on as Governor. He is currently Chairman with the Education Commission from the States. He in addition has chaired the Southern Governors Association, the Appalachian Regional Commission, and also the Council of State Governments. Governor Miller keynoted the 1992 Democratic National Convention in New York and chaired the Platform Drafting Committee for your 1996 Democratic National Convention in Chicago.
Suggested Citation: Front Matter. National Research Council. High School Mathematics at Work: Essays and Examples to the Education of All Students. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1998. doi:10.17226/5777
For over 10 years the Mathematical Sciences Education Board MSEB worked to support the development of mathematics education. The work on the Board becomes visible largely through publications, you start with Everybody Counts 1989 and Reshaping School Mathematics 1990. High School Mathematics at Work builds on this prior work. Like Measuring Up 1992, its full of student tasks; like Mathematical Preparation in the Technical Work Force 1995, it highlights the mathematics required for careers.
High School Mathematics at Work was created through the efforts of more people than may be named individually here. We gratefully acknowledge the generous financial support in the Pew Charitable Trusts, and thank both Robert Schwartz for his special encouragement using this project when he was Director of these Education Programs, together with Janet Kroll on her continuing interest and support as our program officer.
The project was launched like a 12th grade sequel to Measuring Up with the initiative of Linda P. Rosen. The MSEB first envisioned this sequel would illuminate some popular features of high-quality senior high school mathematics teaching and learning through standards-based assessment tasks. The growing fascination with school-to-work issues, however, generated our giving this theme major prominence. With this new focus, Lynn Arthur Steen and Susan Forman designed the
Suggested Citation: Front Matter. National Research Council. High School Mathematics at Work: Essays and Examples for your Education of All Students. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1998. doi:10.17226/5777
project, secured funding, collected mathematical examples, commissioned essays, and worked while using Task Force, first as members with the MSEB staff and later on as consultants. We also thank Daniel Goroff for his leadership in a period of staff transition.
Examples of mathematical tasks were solicited for two years at a wide variety of sources, as described in Appendix A. From the many examples which were contributed, the Task Force selected about two dozen for inclusion, wrote first drafts of the mathematical examples, and identified essay topics and authors. The resulting number of examples and essays was molded into its current form by Bradford Findell, being editor, in the guidance of Glenda Lappan, Alan Schoenfeld, and Harvey Keynes, using the assistance of Cathy Kessel, along with substantial input from Deborah Ball, Sadie Bragg, Gail Burrill, Shari Coston, Shelley Ferguson, Melvin George, Rick Jennings, Jim Leitzel, Tony Martinez, Pamela Matthews, Patrick McCray, and Jack Price.
Of course, no project with this size could ever arrived at completion with no contributions of support staff. Thanks especially to Sharon ODonnell on her help collecting the essays and examples and also to Catherine Bell and Doug Sprunger with regards to help together with the review process. We must also thank Sally Stanfield, Linda Humphrey, and also the staff on the National Academy Press for support and patience while using complex evolution in this project.
National Research Council. 1989. Everybody counts: A report towards the nation within the future of mathematics education. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
National Research Council. 1990. Reshaping school mathematics: A philosophy and framework for curriculum. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
National Research Council. 1993. Measuring up: Prototypes for mathematics assessment. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
National Research Council. 1995. Mathematical preparation from the technical labor pool. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
Jennifer Bemis, John Bishop, Judy Estep, Jim Fey, Carol Findell, Kent Findell, Irene Gable, Jim Gates, Mary Hornyak, Ramona Irvin, Jay Labov, Patrice Legro, Diane Mann, Bob Naismith, Harold Pratt, Kirsten Sampson, Harold Shoen, Kevin Sullivan, Jan Tumoi, Phil Wagreich, Tina Winters, and Judi Zawojewski.
Suggested Citation: Front Matter. National Research Council. High School Mathematics at Work: Essays and Examples for that Education of All Students. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1998. doi:10.17226/5777
Zell Miller, Governor of Georgia
Dale Parnell, Oregon State University
Thomas Bailey, Columbia University
Jean E. Taylor, Rutgers University
Daniel Chazan, Michigan State University Sandra Callis Bethell, Holt High School
Suggested Citation: Front Matter. National Research Council. High School Mathematics at Work: Essays and Examples for your Education of All Students. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1998. doi:10.17226/5777
Jane Butler Kahle, Miami University
Arnold Packer, Johns Hopkins University
William Linder-Scholer, SciMath Minnesota
John Dossey, Illinois State University
Zalman Usiskin, University of Chicago
Albert A. Cuoco, Education Development Center
Harvey B. Keynes, University of Minnesota
Suggested Citation: Front Matter. National Research Council. High School Mathematics at Work: Essays and Examples for your Education of All Students. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1998. doi:10.17226/5777
Glenda T. Lappan, Michigan State University
Gilbert J. Cuevas, University of Miami
Paul G. LeMahieu, University of Delaware and Department of Education Marsh T. Horton, Delaware Department of Education
Suggested Citation: Front Matter. National Research Council. High School Mathematics at Work: Essays and Examples for your Education of All Students. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1998. doi:10.17226/5777
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Suggested Citation: Front Matter. National Research Council. High School Mathematics at Work: Essays and Examples for your Education of All Students. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1998. doi:10.17226/5777
Suggested Citation: Front Matter. National Research Council. High School Mathematics at Work: Essays and Examples for your Education of All Students. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1998. doi:10.17226/5777
Suggested Citation: Front Matter. National Research Council. High School Mathematics at Work: Essays and Examples with the Education of All Students. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1998. doi:10.17226/5777
Suggested Citation: Front Matter. National Research Council. High School Mathematics at Work: Essays and Examples to the Education of All Students. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1998. doi:10.17226/5777
Suggested Citation: Front Matter. National Research Council. High School Mathematics at Work: Essays and Examples for that Education of All Students. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1998. doi:10.17226/5777
Suggested Citation: Front Matter. National Research Council. High School Mathematics at Work: Essays and Examples for that Education of All Students. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1998. doi:10.17226/5777
Suggested Citation: Front Matter. National Research Council. High School Mathematics at Work: Essays and Examples for your Education of All Students. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1998. doi:10.17226/5777
Suggested Citation: Front Matter. National Research Council. High School Mathematics at Work: Essays and Examples for your Education of All Students. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1998. doi:10.17226/5777
Suggested Citation: Front Matter. National Research Council. High School Mathematics at Work: Essays and Examples with the Education of All Students. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1998. doi:10.17226/5777
Suggested Citation: Front Matter. National Research Council. High School Mathematics at Work: Essays and Examples with the Education of All Students. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1998. doi:10.17226/5777
Suggested Citation: Front Matter. National Research Council. High School Mathematics at Work: Essays and Examples for that Education of All Students. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1998. doi:10.17226/5777
Suggested Citation: Front Matter. National Research Council. High School Mathematics at Work: Essays and Examples with the Education of All Students. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1998. doi:10.17226/5777
Suggested Citation: Front Matter. National Research Council. High School Mathematics at Work: Essays and Examples with the Education of All Students. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1998. doi:10.17226/5777
Suggested Citation: Front Matter. National Research Council. High School Mathematics at Work: Essays and Examples to the Education of All Students. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 1998. doi:10.17226/5777
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Traditionally, vocational mathematics and precollege mathematics happen to be separate in schools. But the technological world through which todays students works and live requires increasing outcomes of mathematics as well as applications. Workplace-based mathematics could be good mathematics for everybody.
High School Mathematics at Work illuminates the interplay between technical and academic mathematics. This number of thought-provoking essays-by mathematicians, educators, and also other experts-is enhanced with illustrative tasks from workplace and everyday contexts that suggest methods to strengthen high school graduation mathematical education.
This important book addresses how you can make mathematical education of the students meaningful-how to meet up with the practical needs of students entering the labor pool after high school along with the needs of students starting with postsecondary education.
The short readable essays frame basic issues, provide background, and suggest alternatives to your traditional separation between technical and academic mathematics. They are combined with intriguing multipart issues that illustrate how deep mathematics functions in everyday settings-from analysis of ambulance response times to energy utilization, from buying a used car to rounding away and off to simplify problems.
The book addresses the role of standards in mathematics education, discussing issues including finding common ground between science and mathematics education standards, enhancing the articulation from practice to work, and comparing SAT results across settings.
Experts discuss the best way to develop curricula to ensure students discover how to solve problems these are likely to encounter in life-while also definitely approaches to unfamiliar problems. The book also addresses how teachers will help prepare students for postsecondary education.
For teacher education the publication explores the changing nature of pedagogy and new ways to teacher development. What kind teaching will allow mathematics to become a guide rather than gatekeeper to a lot of career paths? Essays discuss pedagogical implication in problem-centered teaching, the role of complex mathematical tasks in teacher education, and also the idea of making open-ended tasks-as well as the student work they elicit-central to professional discourse.
High School Mathematics at Work presents thoughtful views from experts. It identifies rich possibilities for teaching mathematics and preparing students to the technological challenges on the future. This book will inform and inspire teachers, teacher educators, curriculum developers, among others involved in improving mathematics education plus the capabilities of tomorrows employees.
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High School Mathematics Extensions: this online textbook is aimed towards, however, not limited to, 14 to 18 year olds that are interested in mathematics generally. Several interesting topics not covered within the standard senior high school curriculum are introduced in this particular text.